questions and answers FAQ KalkoTronic

faq

Questions about the operation of Kalko Tronic

What's Kalko Tronic for?

Kalko Tronic (like the softener) was born to safeguard boilers, household appliances and your pipes. It neutralizes the limestone in its incrusting form and reduces the crystals in a smaller form (nanoparticles) not interstantly obtaining similar benefits to the treatment of softeners but without the typical maintenance they have.

Are there maintenance costs for Kalko Tronic?

Kalko Tronic does not need continuous maintenance as it happens for softeners (water and salt). It only needs intervention a year in order to maintain efficient treatment. The Kalko Tronic costs are fixed and clearly lower than those of an equivalent softener: for the single apartment, with remote maintenance (EasyLock), the cost is less than 200 euro VAT inc., while for the condominium the cost can come down even about 18/20 euro per apartment (iva inc.). For a simple comparison, an apartment softener costs from 130-250 euros per year (water/sale) proportionally to the consumption of water: the more water is consumed the more costs the work of supplying the salt and the fatigue for its load. For a condo of 50 apartments a sweetener can go even over 4000 Euros, while KalkoTronic for the same condo does not reach 1000 Euros.

How do I see if Kalko Tronic works?

The water, after Kalko Tronic, takes the name of "activated water" (ref. Piccardi effect). The operation of Kalko Tronic is evident immediately after its ignition. If it does not work, there are solid calcareous intersections, filters that will tend to cross in a few days/weeks and in the kitchen will be evident with boiling water. The operation of Kalko Tronic can also be verified outside a laboratory, for example through simple water boiling tests that highlight the transformation of limestone into a fine and dusty form, easily dispersed. The correct operation of the system is electronically monitorable directly on the system thanks to the display (touch for DIGIT and Oled models for others) but also with visual and acoustic signals. Kalko Tronic is synonymous with reliability over time: the electronics is robust and proven, with operating installations for over 20 years. The hydraulic part, if properly maintained, is protected by thermal insulation and designed to last.The service centers can give you the necessary support you need. In the industrial field, the benefits are immediately measurable: more efficient heat exchangers, reduced heating times and an increase in useful life even 5–10 times, with considerable savings on maintenance and energy.The Kalko Tronic service centers ensure qualified technical support at every stage.

Condominium and little room for the softener. Can I mount a Kalko Tronic?

In 90% of the cases Kalko Tronic can be mounted mainly due to the absence of an exhaust and reduced encumbrance. It has been installed in the areas of passage of the Boxes or in the corridors of the Wineries remaining on the wall, behind doors of access or even to ceiling, unthinkable for a chemical plant. We have dozens of images of plants installed successfully in little space.

After the Kalko Tronic, does the water have the effect "smooth water"?

Water remains hard chemically speaking. The limestone undergoes a morphological change creating germs of much smaller size than those of the limestone. Kalko Tronic therefore allows to have a lower "ruvidity", therefore more comfort.It can be said that the "liscio" effect is present, though less evident than the softener.

I have a hotel with restaurant: KT for dishwasher and coffee machine.

Can dishwasher and coffee machines for restaurants and bars benefit from the action of Kalko Tronic? Of course. Dishwashers and coffee machines work at temperatures that are at the limits of Kalko Tronic (about 80°C) but its action will extend the useful life of these expensive machines.

Is Kalko Tronic also a bactericide? Is the water safer?

Kalko Tronic is not a bactericidal or UV lamp, but our studies show that the treatment exercises significant support in contrast to bacterial proliferation. In particular, in the Legionella research, an abnormal and reduced development of the colonies was observed: the bacteria showed in vitro growth difficulties, making more analysis necessary. This shows how Kalko Tronic actively affects bacterial growth. Already in the first studies of 1995–96, conducted during treatments in the food sector (latte), indications of a positive effect emerged. Recent results, obtained in collaboration with external analysis laboratories, have confirmed a reduction of up to 75% of active and coliform bacteria, on a water of well strongly contaminated, comparing the values before and after the treatment Kalko Tronic. Although not a debater, this function represents an important added value, offering the customer a safer use of water. In the presence of a UV lamp, we recommend the installation of Kalko Tronic downstream of the system: in case of inefficiencies of UV, Kalko Tronic can help maintain low level of bacterial contamination. Further studies are currently underway to investigate these effects.

Does Kalko Tronic reduce hardness? how long after installation?

DUREZZA REMARKS IT. Kalko Tronic prevents limestone from creating intersections: neutralizes it. By inspecting the calcium crystals with an optical microscope, the different crystalline structure can occur.

Does this system really work? My plumber says no.

Kalko Tronic has been on the market for many years, with hundreds of satisfied customers and certifications issued by external laboratories, guaranteeing the quality and reliability of the product. The effectiveness of physical systems is recognized by numerous scientific studies and has also been analyzed by important researchers, including Giorgio Piccardi, who had already highlighted the principles of operation in the 1950s and 1970s. A significant contribution was also provided by physicist Pier Maria Boria, author of a treatise on physical systems and speaker of a conference dedicated in 2006.Kalko Tronic is not a magnetic system: it uses specific electrical fields that allow effective and stable results over time, thanks to the principle known as "water memory", provided the system is correctly installed and used. The operation was verified and certified by companies with chemists enrolled in the Order of the Chimists of Tuscany. Among the most important collaborations are those with the University of Genoa for the analysis on the Legionella (2003–2006), with the Laboratori Gracci (2015) and with the University of Florence (2020) There are low quality devices that have generated distrust between installers and customers, but it is not Kalko Tronic. In a more and more resource-saving future, especially water, traditional softeners will find greater application limits, while solutions like Kalko Tronic will be increasingly appreciated for their sustainability and protection of plants.

Kalko Tronic has been on the market for many years, has hundreds of satisfied customers but above all certifications of external laboratories that makes it a guarantee for those who buy. The effectiveness of the physical system is recognized by many treatises and some physicists studied it, including scientist Giorgio Piccardi between the 1950s and the early 1970s. Interesting is the treatise of physicist Piermaria Boria who held an important conference in 2006 on the issue. Pier Maria Boria – Treated physical systems = deals mainly with the field of magnetic and electromagnetic systems but the focus of the research was to demonstrate why physical systems work, we want to add, if properly installed and used, that is fundamental. Kalko Tronic products are not magnetic. They use particular electric fields that allow to have results sought and more lasting over time (the so-called "water memory"). The operation of Kalko Tronic has been verified and certified by companies whose chemists are enrolled in the Order of Chemistry of Tuscany. One of these was written thanks to the collaboration of the University of Genoa for the bacteriological analyses on Legionella (2003-2006) and recently also by the Gracci laboratories (2015). Poor quality devices that have created negativity among plumbers and customers, but be careful: they are not called Kalko Tronic. In a future of resource saving (including water) the softener will have increasingly difficult applications and systems like Kalko Tronic will be greatly appreciated for their

This is a metropolitan legend: most calculations have a different nature that does not come from calcium in the water that instead helps the organism. If the patient already suffers from the problem of calculations it is necessary to expel them. A light water rich in minerals, in this case, can facilitate the expulsion of existing calculations. Only in this case drink a lot of oligomineral water or osmotized (if the doctor recommends the use) can help. It is not advisable to drink sweetened water, as rich in sodium. Biologically, if the water contains calcium (or even limestone) the body will absorb it for the quantity it needs. Only the surplus will be expelled and generally is little because we are often in debt. In any case calcium, in addition to the bones, also strengthens the kidneys and helps the intestine in digestion. Caution: we drink carbonate or calcium bicarbonate, calculations are often calcium oxalate which is not the same.

This is an urban legend: Most calculations have a different nature that does not come from calcium in the water that instead helps the body. If the patient is already suffering from the problem of calculations, they must be expelled. In this case, a light, mineral - rich water can facilitate the expulsion of existing calculations. Only in this case can drinking a lot of oligomineral or osmotised water (if your doctor recommends using it) help. It is not advisable to drink sweetened water, as it is rich in sodium. Biologically if the water contains calcium (or even limestone) the body will absorb it for the amount it will need. The surplus will be expelled. In any case, calcium, besides bones, also strengthens the kidneys and helps the intestine in digestion. Warning: We drink calcium carbonate or bicarbonate, the calculations are often calcium oxalate which is not the same thing. We recommend reading this article: The Metropolitan Legend of Hard Water and Calculations

The limestone remains in the water: nothing is removed or added. The existing limestone in the plant will tend, slowly (in months), to break down and finish in the tap filters. Initially you may have to remove the filters and clean them under running water. It is a signal that the vs. plant is cleaning up from the intersections: this effect will disappear in a few months. Moreover, until the water heats the calcium remains calcium, when it heats it forms a minimum (almost imperceptible) quantity of "polverous" limestone (not interstant) that will flow away into the water instead of crossing tubing and serpentine, safeguarding the vs. plant. You can see the limestone in the water only if the boiling insistently, otherwise this will be "invisible" (nanometric particles).

faq

Limestone remains in the water: Nothing is removed or added. The existing limestone in the plant will tend, slowly (in months), to break apart and end up in the tap filters. Initially you may need to remove some more filters and clean them under running water. It is a sign that your plant is cleaning itself from encrustations: This effect will disappear in a few months. Moreover, until the water is heated the calcium remains calcium, when it is heated a minimum (almost imperceptible) amount of "dusty" limestone (not incrusting) that will flow away in the water instead of encrusting pipes and coils, safeguarding your plant. You can only see limestone in water if you boil it insistently, otherwise this will be "invisible" (nanometric particles).

Questions about the functioning of softening systems

The softener serves, without entering into chemical terms, to completely remove calcium and magnesium to replace it with sodium (ioni). The sodium does not cross and therefore avoid the problems of limestone. There are rules on potability that impose a certain mixing between sour water and non-sweet water. The correct use of a softener leads to safeguard plants and maintain high energy efficiency. However this at the price of some maintenance and continuous consumption of raw materials. The softener is a machine that does well its work but only if it is in good working state and used correctly. Otherwise it could be a source of unpleasant problems.

How much should the softener be calibrated? Are there any risks?

A sweetener for drinking use (home/condomain) MUST BE PROCESSED FOR LAWS. The first manager is the installer who has to calibrate it, according to the regulations, at its first operational start. The second manager is the administrator of the building or the owner of the property who becomes first responsible for subsequent management and maintenance. The law indicates that it must be calibrated to no less than 15°F of hardness and dissolved sodium in water can not exceed 200mg/l (some regions have tightened the law leading to 150mg/l, e.g. Lombardy region). However, this hardness is formed by intersections. Those who declare to completely solve the limestone problem are saying the false, if so were, probably, the softener might have been very low (often under the 7thF). The excess amount of sodium (too low quantities) could trigger corrosion phenomena on pipes or accessories containing metals (e.g. boilers, taps, household appliances). Corrosion is greater if the hardness in the sodium water is less than 7-5°F because it turns out to be even more aggressive for an excess of sodium ions that also facilitate the occurrence of loose currents, especially in hot water, and reduction of the PH (acidity). Excessively reducing hardness is also expensive in the management costs of the softener (more water consumption and salt for a more frequent number of regenerations). Too sweet water but above all too rich in sodium can create, in the most sensitive subjects

Softener, how much is it?

The economic part covers management costs in Home Page you will find a simple interactive module to learn more.Principally the costs are two types:The use of water: according to the consumption scales increases the cost. In Tuscany the cost of water is approximately (tabelle 2012): € 2,7/mc within 150mc/year € 4,0/mc from 150 to 199mc/year € 5.4/mc over 200mc/year. Salt cost: about 1.5/2 bags of 25Kg of salt per month for a house for 3-4 people. The cost can vary from 5-6 to about 10 euro per bag depending on the area, quality and quantity of purchase. It should be added the manual work for the load of the salt (in condominium by an external company with a fee, usually between 500 and 1000 euros per year). The average consumption of a house is between 130-150 euros up to about 250 euros per year, depending on the consumption of water, the hardness and quality of the softener itself. For a condominium, hotel, gyms can easily exceed 2000 euros/year to reach also 4-5000 euros and beyond for plants of a certain relief.

The economic part concerns the management expenses on the Home Page you will find a simple interactive module to learn more. Mainly the costs are of two types: The use of water: according to consumption scales increases the cost. In Tuscany the cost of water is approximately (tables 2012): € 2.7/mc within 150mc/year € 4,0/mc 150 to 199mc/year € 5,4/mc over 200mc/year. Cost of salt: about 1.5/2 bags of 25kg of salt per month for a house for 3-4 people. The cost can vary from 5-6 to about 10 euros per bag depending on the area, quality and purchase quantity. The manual work for the loading of the salt (in the condominium by an external company for a fee, usually between 500 and 1000 euros per year) must be added. The average consumption of a house is between 130-150 euros up to about 250 euros per year, depending on the water consumption, hardness and quality of the softener itself. For a condominium, hotels, gyms can easily exceed 2000 euros/year to reach also 4-5000 euros and beyond for plants of a certain importance.

Both with sweeteners and with Kalko Tronic you save soaps and disincrosents. A softener, in the face of its continuous management, saves about 30-40% on soaps and also on disincrostants. If you drop below the 5thF conventional soaps have difficulty washing properly (if they are not specific). Also the washing machine should do more rinse because it can not easily remove all soap or excess softener. With water too softened part of the chemicals will remain on the washed head (ailments risk). Calcium is an abrasive for which it absorbs and helps to remove excess soaps and substances. They know, for example, the dyes that color with fresh water and rinse with hard water. Kalko Tronic allows to have, like the softener, a saving in soaps, in disincrostant and in the glittering. The saving with Kalko Tronic is slightly lower than the softener but largely offset by the absence of consumption and maintenance that the softener itself has as water and salt.

Is softened water aggressive? Why?

A hard water, subject to a process of softening, takes on aggressive characteristics and can give rise to corrosive phenomena. The balance reaction that regulates the formation of calcium carbonate is definitely influenced by the concentration of free carbon dioxide: Ca(HCO3)2 ↔ CaCO3 + CO2 + H2OD’ another part an excess of carbon dioxide in water forms carbonic acid with an inevitable modification of the pH value: CO2 + H2O → H2CO3For each water, therefore, there is a concentration of carbon dioxide to give it incrustant or corrosive characteristics. In 1936 the prof. Langelier published a work on balance between water and calcium carbonate. In this work, a simple equation was obtained by which it is possible to establish the tendency of a water to deposit or dissolve calcium carbonate. The Langelier equation, also known as the IS saturation index, is defined as the algebraic difference between the pH measurement at the time of withdrawal and the pHS value calculated at the saturation of calcium carbonate: IS = pH – pHSL’s Langelier index can be calculated a known face: – pH – conductivity (μS/cm) – calcium hardness (mg/l as CaCO3) – alcalinity (mg/l as CaCO3) – water temperature A positive saturation index indicates the tendency to deposit carbonate and water assumes intercrusting characteristics, vice versa a negative condition of the index In conditions of aggressiveness the water tends

Is the softener a purifier? Does sodium in water hurt?

The law violates the use of the term DEPURATORE: the softener is not a purifier, does not purify the water but instead the modification and can make it NOT POTABILE. Purification is the technological system that is realized and is activated to eliminate from liquid and gaseous systems foreign or polluting substances. A process consists of a series of planned actions of a physical, chemical and biological nature. The softening action is not classified as purification but as simple water treatment. Sodium contained in water (after passing by the softener) generally does not hurt the organism. However, for those who make a poor diet of sodium (mostly hypertensive, elderly, newborns and children), the addition of sodium in tap water can affect diet and health. Remember that for soups, pasta, tea, chamomiles, herbal teas, etc... the tap water is commonly used, so the amount of sodium of the diet should be added that brought by water. Magnesium in water (such as calcium) also has its important function. To remove it means having to reintegrate it differently, even for small doses. In the medical field, the situation is continuously monitored and many scientific studies show that tap water is an important source of minerals and affects cardiovascular problems and water retention as well as digestive system and kidney structure by strengthening them. To this topic we want to report this interesting article written by Dr. C.Manganaro di Torino: Chronic intoxication from

The softener can become a dangerous bacterial proliferatone.The cases are the following: salt deficiency: the resins do not sterilize and therefore accumulate dirt and bacteria. failure to regenerate: if the management head breaks or remains without current the bacteria begin to proliferate maintenance of the tine: if you do not clean the tine of the salt regularly form mold and melma that will soil the resins creating bacteria. In this case the regeneration will not be able to clean up everything and the bacteria will form despite the cycles of washingmancata maintenance of the head: in case of excess of dirt on the mechanisms of the head the work of sanitization and automatic washing may not work properly increasing the bacterial proliferationResine too old: from 5 to 10 years we have a progressive degeneration of the resins, this depends on how hard you have, the intensity of use and maintenance. The duration depends on many factors, in any case a semi-functioning resin can trigger a bacterial proliferation effect as well as a bad anti-scale operation. Lack of a good filter upstream of the softener: without filter the softener is forced to "filtrate" even the impurities, the resins will have a much shorter life increasing the bacteria and reducing their effectiveness. What happens if the softener produces bacteria? Problems such as itching to the skin or scalp may appear, up to the infections of the intimate parts, eventually there may be more often gastrointestinal disorders.

The softener can become a dangerous bacterial proliferatene. The cases are as follows: lack of salt: the resins do not sterilize and therefore accumulate dirt and bacteria. failure to regenerate: if the management head breaks or remains without current the bacteria begin to proliferate non-maintenance of the tine: if you do not clean the salt tine regularly form mold and melma that will soil the resins creating bacteria. In this case the regeneration will not be able to clean up everything and the bacteria will form despite the cycles of washing non-maintenance of the head: in case of excess of dirt on the mechanisms of the head the work of automatic sanitization and washing could not function properly increasing the bacterial proliferation too old: from 5 to 10 years we have a progressive degeneration of the resins, this depends on how hard you have, the intensity of use and the maintenance. The duration depends on many factors, in any case a semi-functioning resin can trigger a bacterial proliferation effect as well as a bad anti-scale operation. Lack of a good filter upstream of the softener: without filter the softener is forced to "filtrate" even the impurities, the resins will have a much shorter life increasing the bacteria and reducing their effectiveness. What happens if the softener produces bacteria? Problems such as itching to the skin or scalp may appear, up to the infections of the intimate parts, eventually there may be more often gastrointestinal disorders.

The softener: by itself an empty casing, inside it are put resins that are organic substances artificially produced that have the prerogative of having a functional group "mobile", that is a part that is in chemical balance between the resin itself and the ions dissolved in the water. When water containing "calcium and magnesium" crosses a "resin rich in sodium", the first are retained instead of the present sodium, which is released to the water. We have thus achieved our purpose, that is to eliminate calcium and magnesium whose carbonates are intercrusting, replacing them with sodium, whose carbonate is perfectly soluble. It will come to a point that the resin will no longer be able to stop calcium and magnesium, as they will now remain very few sodium ions available for exchange. Regeneration: at this point the resin is called "exhausted", and to restore the original sodium form it is necessary to make regeneration. To do this we pass through the water resin containing a strong concentration of sodium ions ( taken from the storage where there is the "salamoia"), such as to overthrow the balance towards the reconstitution of the resin in sodium form, with release of calcium and magnesium previously retained. The regeneration water through (or washing) the resins "cleans them from calcium and magnesium previously accumulated" and is then discharged from the discharge. After regeneration the resins are again rich in sodium and ready to restart with the exchange. recapitulating:regeneration consumes water and salt to regenerate

The softener: by itself an empty casing, inside it are put resins that are organic substances artificially produced that have the prerogative of having a functional group "mobile", that is a part that is in chemical balance between the resin itself and the ions dissolved in the water. When water containing "calcium and magnesium" crosses a "resin rich in sodium", the first are retained instead of the present sodium, which is released to the water. We have thus achieved our purpose, that is to eliminate calcium and magnesium whose carbonates are intercrusting, replacing them with sodium, whose carbonate is perfectly soluble. It will come to a point that the resin will no longer be able to stop calcium and magnesium, as they will now remain very few sodium ions available for exchange. Regeneration: at this point the resin is called "exhausted", and to restore the original sodium form it is necessary to make regeneration. To do this we pass through the water resin containing a strong concentration of sodium ions ( taken from the storage where there is the "salamoia"), such as to overthrow the balance towards the reconstitution of the resin in sodium form, with release of calcium and magnesium previously retained. The regeneration water through (or washing) the resins "cleans them from calcium and magnesium previously accumulated" and is then discharged from the discharge. After regeneration the resins are again rich in sodium and ready to restart with the exchange. Recapturing: the regeneration consumes water and salt for r

Yes, you can "start" for various reasons. The softener completely removes calcium and magnesium minerals and replaces them with sodium minerals. This is why it is calibrated "mechanically" by making a mix between non- softening water and that at zero degrees treated. However:If water changes hardness (compared to when it was first calibrated) your water could also descend to ZERO degrees (insufficient grinding) becoming aggressive and dangerous for accessories and metal components of boilers, kettles, pipes and household appliances (corrosion) creating sometimes even expensive damages, as well as for vs. health itself. The resins tend to consume more and/or get dirty, so the hardness can vary over time for ineffective resins. the wear of the components can change the mechanical calibration of the softener. In companies or condominiums the use of the softener with too low output hardness can also increase the problems of loose currents with consequent damage to pipes and accumulations. It is a good rule to check the hardness out of your softener, a problem you will not have with a Kalko Tronic system.

Yes, you can "start" for various reasons. The softener completely removes calcium and magnesium minerals and replaces them with sodium minerals. This is why it is calibrated "mechanically" by making a mix between non- softening water and that at zero degrees treated. However: If water changes hardness (compared to when it was first calibrated) your water could also drop to ZERO degrees (insufficient grinding) becoming aggressive and dangerous for accessories and metal components of boilers, kettles, pipes and household appliances (corrosion) creating sometimes even expensive damages, as well as for vs. same health. The resins tend to consume more and/or get dirty, so the hardness can vary over time for ineffective resins. the wear of the components can change the mechanical calibration of the softener. In companies or condominiums the use of the softener with too low output hardness can also increase the problems of loose currents with consequent damage to pipes and accumulations. It is a good rule to check the hardness out of your softener, a problem you will not have with a Kalko Tronic system.

The resin washing, called regeneration, should be done, FOR THE HEALTH PROTECTION, at least once every 4 days; otherwise, the bacterial risk could become high. The softener must have the reservoir of the well-stocked salt: at every wash "empty", the bacterial charges in the water increase, becoming potentially dangerous. It is a serious hygienic danger if the softener is disconnected from the power outlet or if the control head (mechanical or electronic) breaks. Each softener can treat a specific number of liters, calculated according to the hardness of the starting and arrival water; the frequency of the washing also depends on the consumption of water. If the hardness changes, the hardness in the house could change too; in some cases, it could also be set outside the standard limits.Example: We supply a consumption of about 1000 liters per day. Difference of hardness between input and output: From 35 to 15 ° French: the softener could treat 4000 liters, with 1 wash every 4 days, and the water would be drinking. From 40 to 10° French: the softener could treat 3000 liters, with 1 wash every 3 days, but the water would not be drinking. From 40 to 5th French: the softener could treat 2500 liters, with 1 wash every 2.5 days, and the water would not be drinking. For renovations and new homes, the good standard would be to prepare the water system with a water point not softened to the kitchen sink, in order to preserve that point for food use. Unfortunately, this practice is not followed

The resin washing, called regeneration, should be done, FOR THE HEALTH PROTECTION, at least once every 4 days; otherwise, the bacterial risk could become high. The softener must have the reservoir of the well-stocked salt: at every wash "empty", the bacterial charges in the water increase, becoming potentially dangerous. It is a serious hygienic danger if the softener is disconnected from the power outlet or if the control head (mechanical or electronic) breaks. Each softener can treat a specific number of liters, calculated according to the hardness of the starting and arrival water; the frequency of the washing also depends on the consumption of water. If the hardness changes, the hardness in the house could change too; in some cases, it could also be set outside the standard limits. Example: We supply a consumption of about 1000 liters per day. Difference of hardness between input and output: From 35 to 15 ° French: the softener could treat 4000 liters, with 1 wash every 4 days, and the water would be drinking. From 40 to 10° French: the softener could treat 3000 liters, with 1 wash every 3 days, but the water would not be drinking. From 40 to 5th French: the softener could treat 2500 liters, with 1 wash every 2.5 days, and the water would not be drinking. For renovations and new homes, the good standard would be to prepare the water system with a water point not softened to the kitchen sink, in order to preserve that point for food use. Unfortunately, this

Now everyone knows that in Italy the rules are not very respected: not only from the indole of the average Italian but also, and above all, from a very complex and twisted bureaucracy. Often the norms are not disclosed by those who should do so and who should check it does not.However the law speaks clear and emphasizes it within more ministerial decrees clearly.The managers of the plants are the administrators and the local managers (palestre, hotel, etc...). There are clear parameters to be observed: both for the condominiums and for the public premises it is necessary to carry out from a minimum of 2 analysis of potability up to 6-10 analyses per year (according to its own consumption) and keep them for at least 5 years. In case of control the risk is to run in salt fines up to € 60,000.Responsibility studies in case of supply to public premises you will find it in the appropriate section. We make a practical example by taking a sample water of about 70°F and, using a softener, make it less calcareous. Few know that it would not be possible to descend under the 25°F: the sodium in the water exceeds the parameters (n.d.r.: 200mg/l). Even in case of too low hardness it is index of non-driving water. Do you control that? Often only if someone has health problems. To a problem of "non-potability" the administrator is responsible. Even a sweetening plant remained without salt, or without maintenance can have serious problems. Maintenance must be carried out by law by personnel with appropriate professional skills